不同的危險品包裝要求是不同的，主要還是根據(jù)物品的性質(zhì)來做，而且有危險品包裝規(guī)范，下面看下危險品運(yùn)輸包裝要求
一、對有毒商品的包裝要明顯地標(biāo)明有毒的標(biāo)志。防毒的主要措施是包裝嚴(yán)密不漏、不透氣。例如重鉻酸鉀(紅礬鉀)和 重鉻酸鈉，紅礬鈉=為紅色帶透明結(jié)晶，有毒，應(yīng)用堅(jiān)固附桶包裝，桶口要嚴(yán)密不漏，制桶的鐵板厚度不能小于1.2毫米 。對有機(jī)農(nóng)藥一類的商品，應(yīng)裝入瀝青麻袋，縫口嚴(yán)密不漏。如用塑料袋或?yàn)r青紙袋包裝的，外面應(yīng)再用麻袋或布袋包裝。用作殺鼠劑的磷化鋅有劇毒，應(yīng)用塑料袋嚴(yán)封后再裝人木箱中，箱內(nèi)用兩層牛皮紙、防潮紙或塑料薄膜襯墊，使其與外界隔絕。
二、對有腐蝕性的商品，要注意商品和包裝容器的材質(zhì)發(fā)生化學(xué)變化。金屬類的包裝容器，要在容器壁涂上涂料，防止腐蝕性商品對容器的腐蝕。例如包裝合成脂肪酸的鐵桶內(nèi)壁要涂有耐酸保護(hù)層，防止鐵桶被商品腐蝕，從而商品也隨之變質(zhì)。再如氫氟酸是無機(jī)酸性腐蝕物品，有劇毒，能腐蝕玻璃，不能用玻璃瓶作包裝容器，應(yīng)裝入金屬桶或塑料桶，然而再裝入木箱。甲酸易揮發(fā)，其氣體有腐蝕性，應(yīng)裝入良好的耐酸壇、玻璃瓶或塑料桶中，嚴(yán)密封口，再裝入堅(jiān)固的木 箱或金屬桶中。
三、對黃磷等易自燃商品的包裝，宜將其裝入壁厚不少于1毫米的鐵桶中，捅內(nèi)壁須涂耐酸保護(hù)層，桶內(nèi)盛水，并使水面 浸沒商品，桶口嚴(yán)密封閉，每桶凈重不超過50公斤。再如通水引起燃燒的物品如碳化鈣，遇水即分解并產(chǎn)生易燃乙炔氣 ，對其應(yīng)用堅(jiān)固的鐵桶包裝，桶內(nèi)充入氮?dú)?。如果桶?nèi)不充氮?dú)?，則應(yīng)裝置放氣活塞。
四、對于易燃、易爆商品，例如有強(qiáng)烈氧化性的，遇有微量不純物或受熱即急劇分解引起爆炸的產(chǎn)品。防爆炸包裝的有 效方法是采用塑料桶包裝，然后將塑料桶裝入鐵桶或木箱中，每件凈重不超過50公斤，并應(yīng)有自動放氣的安全閥，當(dāng)桶內(nèi)達(dá)到一定氣體壓力時，能自動放氣。
Different dangerous goods have different packaging requirements, mainly based on the nature of the goods, and there are dangerous goods packaging specifications. Let's take a look at the dangerous goods transportation packaging requirements
1、 The packages of toxic commodities shall be clearly marked with toxic signs. The main measures for anti-virus are tight and airtight packaging. For example, potassium dichromate (potassium jarosite) and sodium dichromate, sodium jarosite = red with transparent crystal, toxic, should be packed in a solid barrel, the barrel mouth should be tight, and the thickness of the iron plate for barrel making should not be less than 1.2mm. Commodities such as organic pesticides shall be packed into asphalt gunny bags with tight seams. If it is packed in plastic bags or asphalt paper bags, it shall be packed in gunny bags or cloth bags. Zinc phosphide, which is used as a rodenticide, is highly toxic. It should be sealed in a plastic bag and then put into a wooden box. The box is padded with two layers of kraft paper, moisture-proof paper or plastic film to isolate it from the outside world.
2、 For corrosive commodities, it is necessary to pay attention to chemical changes in the materials of commodities and packaging containers. Metal packaging containers shall be coated on the container wall to prevent the corrosion of corrosive goods to the container. For example, the inner wall of the iron bucket for packaging synthetic fatty acids should be coated with an acid resistant protective layer to prevent the iron bucket from being corroded by the commodity and the commodity from deteriorating. For another example, hydrofluoric acid is an inorganic acid corrosive substance, which is highly toxic and can corrode glass. Instead of using glass bottles as packaging containers, it should be put into metal barrels or plastic barrels, and then into wooden cases. Formic acid is volatile and its gas is corrosive. It should be put into a good acid resistant jar, glass bottle or plastic barrel, sealed tightly, and then put into a solid wooden box or metal barrel.
3、 For the packaging of yellow phosphorus and other commodities prone to spontaneous combustion, it is advisable to put them into an iron bucket with a wall thickness of not less than 1mm. The inner wall of the bucket must be coated with an acid resistant protective layer. The bucket is filled with water, and the water surface is immersed in the commodities. The bucket mouth is tightly closed, and the net weight of the barrel is not more than 50kg. Another example is that articles such as calcium carbide that cause combustion through water will decompose and generate flammable acetylene gas when encountering water. They shall be packed in strong iron drums filled with nitrogen. If the barrel is not filled with nitrogen, the vent piston shall be installed.
4、 For inflammable and explosive commodities, such as those with strong oxidizability, which will explode in the presence of trace impurities or when heated. The effective method of anti explosion packaging is to use plastic barrels for packaging, and then put the plastic barrels into iron barrels or wooden cases. The net weight of each piece is not more than 50kg, and there should be a safety valve for automatic deflation. When the barrel reaches a certain gas pressure, it can automatically deflate.
